Infinitive (Verb 1) | Verb 2 | Verb 3 | Arti |
A | |||
abide | abided / abode | abided | tunduk |
alight | alighted / alit | alighted / alit | turun |
arise | arose | arisen | timbul |
awake | awakened / awoke | awakened / awoken | bangun |
B | |||
backbite | backbit | backbitten | fitnah |
backslide | backslid | backslidden / backslid | kembali mengerjakan kebiasaan lama yg tercela |
be [ am, is, are] | was, were | been | |
bear | bore | born / borne | melahirkan |
beat | beat | beaten / beat | mengalahkan |
become | became | become | menjadi |
befall | befell | befallen | menimpa |
beget | begat / begot | begotten | memperanakkan |
begin | began | begun | mulai |
behold | beheld | beheld | melihat |
bend | bent | bent | tikungan |
bereave | bereaved / bereft | bereaved / bereft | kehilangan |
beseech | besought / beseeched | besought / beseeched | mohon |
beset | beset | beset | menimpa |
bestrew | bestrewed | bestrewn / bestrewed | menabur |
bet | bet / betted | bet / betted | bertaruh |
betake | betook | betaken | berangkat |
bethink | bethought | bethought | memikirkan |
bid (farewell) | bid / bade | bidden | tawaran (perpisahan) |
bid (offer amount) | bid | bid | tawaran (nilai tawaran) |
bind | bound | bound | mengikat |
bite | bit | bitten | menggigit |
bleed | bled | bled | berdarah |
blow | blew | blown | pukulan |
break | broke | broken | istirahat |
breed | bred | bred | berkembang biak |
bring | brought | brought | membawa |
broadcast | broadcast / broadcasted | broadcast / broadcasted | siaran |
browbeat | browbeat | browbeaten / browbeat | menggertak |
build | built | built | membangun |
burn | burned / burnt | burned / burnt | membakar |
burst | burst | burst | ledakan |
bust | busted / bust | busted / bust | payudara |
buy | bought | bought | membeli |
C | |||
cast | cast | cast | melemparkan |
catch | caught | caught | menangkap |
chide | chided / chid | chided / chidden | mencaci |
choose | chose | chosen | memilih |
clap | clapped / clapt | clapped / clapt | bertepuk tangan |
cling | clung | clung | berpegang teguh |
clothe | clothed / clad | clothed / clad | menyandangi |
colorbreed | colorbred | colorbred | colorbreed |
come | came | come | datang |
cost | cost | cost | biaya |
creep | crept | crept | merayap |
crossbreed | crossbred | crossbred | blasteran |
cut | cut | cut | memotong |
D | |||
dare | dared / durst | dared / durst | tantangan |
daydream | daydreamed / daydreamt | daydreamed / daydreamt | lamunan |
deal | dealt | dealt | berurusan |
dig | dug | dug | menggali |
dight | dighted / dight | dighted / dight | dight |
disprove | disproved | disproved / disproven | membantah |
dive (jump head-first) | dove / dived | dived | menyelam (melompat kepala lebih dulu) |
dive (scuba diving) | dived / dove | dived | menyelam (scuba diving) |
do | did | done | melakukan |
draw | drew | drawn | menarik |
dream | dreamed / dreamt | dreamed / dreamt | mimpi |
drink | drank | drunk | minum |
drive | drove | driven | menyetir |
dwell | dwelt / dwelled | dwelt / dwelled | tinggal |
E | |||
eat | ate | eaten | makan |
enwind | enwound | enwound | enwind |
F | |||
fall | fell | fallen | jatuh |
feed | fed | fed | makan |
feel | felt | felt | merasa |
fight | fought | fought | berjuang |
find | found | found | menemukan |
fit (tailor, change size) | fitted / fit | fitted / fit | cocok (penjahit, ukuran perubahan) |
fit (be right size) | fit / fitted | fit / fitted | cocok (bisa ukuran kanan) |
flee | fled | fled | melarikan diri |
fling | flung | flung | melemparkan |
fly | flew | flown | terbang |
forbear | forbore | forborne | menahan diri |
forbid | forbade | forbidden | melarang |
fordo | fordid | fordone | fordo |
forecast | forecast | forecast | ramalan |
forego (also forgo) | forewent | foregone | melepaskan (juga melupakan) |
foreknow | foreknew | foreknown | mengetahui sebelumnya |
forerun | foreran | forerun | forerun |
foresee | foresaw | foreseen | meramalkan |
foreshow | foreshowed | foreshown / foreshowed | foreshow |
forespeak | forespoke | forespoken | forespeak |
foretell | foretold | foretold | meramalkan |
forget | forgot | forgotten / forgot | lupa |
forgive | forgave | forgiven | mengampuni |
forsake | forsook | forsaken | meninggalkan |
forswear | forswore | forsworn | mengingkari |
fraught | fraught | fraught | penuh |
freeze | froze | frozen | membekukan |
frostbite | frostbit | frostbitten | radang dingin |
G | |||
gainsay | gainsaid | gainsaid | membantah |
get | got | gotten / got | mendapatkan |
gild | gilded / gilt | gilded / gilt | menyepuh |
give | gave | given | memberikan |
go | went | gone | pergi |
grind | ground | ground | menggiling |
grow | grew | grown | tumbuh |
H | |||
hagride | hagrode | hagridden | hagride |
halterbreak | halterbroke | halterbroken | halterbreak |
hamstring | hamstrung | hamstrung | urat lutut |
hand-feed | hand-fed | hand-fed | tangan-feed |
handwrite | handwrote | handwritten | handwrite |
hang | hung | hung | menggantung |
hang (kill by hanging) | hanged / hung | hanged / hung | menggantung (membunuh dengan menggantung) |
have | had | had | memiliki |
hear | heard | heard | mendengar |
heave | heaved / hove | heaved / hove | mengangkat |
hew | hewed | hewn / hewed | menetak |
hide | hid | hidden | menyembunyikan |
hit | hit | hit | memukul |
hold | held | held | memegang |
hurt | hurt | hurt | sakit |
I | |||
inbreed | inbred | inbred | memperkawinkan yg sejenis atau sebangsa |
inlay | inlaid | inlaid | tatahan |
input | input / inputted | input / inputted | masukan |
inset | inset | inset | sisipan |
interbreed | interbred | interbred | mempersilangkan |
intercut | intercut | intercut | intercut |
interlay | interlaid | interlaid | interlay |
interset | interset | interset | interset |
interweave | interwove / interweaved | interwoven / interweaved | menjalinkan |
interwind | interwound | interwound | interwind |
inweave | inwove / inweaved | inwoven / inweaved | menjalin |
J | |||
jerry-build | jerry-built | jerry-built | serampangan-membangun |
K | |||
keep | kept | kept | menjaga |
kneel | knelt / kneeled | knelt / kneeled | berlutut |
knit | knitted / knit | knitted / knit | merajut |
know | knew | known | tahu |
L | |||
lade | laded | laden / laded | memuati |
landslide | landslid | landslid | tanah longsor |
lay | laid | laid | awam |
lead | led | led | memimpin |
lean | leaned / leant | leaned / leant | kurus |
leap | leaped / leapt | leaped / leapt | lompatan |
learn | learned / learnt | learned / learnt | belajar |
leave | left | left | meninggalkan |
lend | lent | lent | meminjamkan |
let | let | let | membiarkan |
lie | lay | lain | berbohong |
lie (not tell truth) REGULAR | lied | lied | kebohongan (tidak jujur) REGULER |
light | lit / lighted | lit / lighted | cahaya |
lip-read | lip-read | lip-read | bibir-baca |
lose | lost | lost | kehilangan |
M | |||
make | made | made | membuat |
mean | meant | meant | berarti |
meet | met | met | memenuhi |
misbecome | misbecame | misbecome | bertindak tdk pantas |
miscast | miscast | miscast | salah pilih |
miscut | miscut | miscut | miscut |
misdeal | misdealt | misdealt | berlaku salah |
misdo | misdid | misdone | misdo |
mishear | misheard | misheard | salah mendengar |
mishit | mishit | mishit | meleset |
mislay | mislaid | mislaid | salah meletakkan |
mislead | misled | misled | menyesatkan |
mislearn | mislearned / mislearnt | mislearned / mislearnt | mislearn |
misread | misread | misread | salah membaca |
missay | missaid | missaid | missay |
missend | missent | missent | missend |
misset | misset | misset | misset |
misspeak | misspoke | misspoken | salah bicara |
misspell | misspelled / misspelt | misspelled / misspelt | misspell |
misspend | misspent | misspent | memboros |
misswear | misswore | missworn | misswear |
mistake | mistook | mistaken | kesalahan |
misteach | mistaught | mistaught | misteach |
mistell | mistold | mistold | mistell |
misthink | misthought | misthought | misthink |
misunderstand | misunderstood | misunderstood | salah paham |
miswear | miswore | misworn | miswear |
miswed | miswed / miswedded | miswed / miswedded | miswed |
miswrite | miswrote | miswritten | miswrite |
mow | mowed | mowed / mown | memotong rumput |
N | |||
Tidak ada irregular verb yang dimulai dengan “N.” | |||
O | |||
offset | offset | offset | mengimbangi |
outbid | outbid | outbid | mengalahkan dlm menawar |
outbreed | outbred | outbred | outbreed |
outdo | outdid | outdone | mengalahkan |
outdraw | outdrew | outdrawn | menarik lebih banyak orang |
outdrink | outdrank | outdrunk | outdrink |
outdrive | outdrove | outdriven | outdrive |
outfight | outfought | outfought | outfight |
outfly | outflew | outflown | outfly |
outgrow | outgrew | outgrown | mengatasi |
outlay | outlaid | outlaid | pengeluaran |
outleap | outleaped / outleapt | outleaped / outleapt | outleap |
outlie (not tell truth) REGULAR | outlied | outlied | outlie (tidak mengatakan yang sebenarnya) REGULER |
output | output / outputted | output / outputted | keluaran |
outride | outrode | outridden | mendahului |
outrun | outran | outrun | berlari lebih cepat |
outsee | outsaw | outseen | outsee |
outsell | outsold | outsold | menjual lebih banyak dr |
outshine | outshined / outshone | outshined / outshone | lebih cemerlang dr |
outshoot | outshot | outshot | outshoot |
outsing | outsang | outsung | outsing |
outsit | outsat | outsat | tinggal lebih lama dr |
outsleep | outslept | outslept | outsleep |
outsmell | outsmelled / outsmelt | outsmelled / outsmelt | outsmell |
outspeak | outspoke | outspoken | mengucapkan |
outspeed | outsped | outsped | outspeed |
outspend | outspent | outspent | outspend |
outspin | outspun | outspun | outspin |
outspring | outsprang / outsprung | outsprung | outspring |
outstand | outstood | outstood | outstand |
outswear | outswore | outsworn | outswear |
outswim | outswam | outswum | outswim |
outtell | outtold | outtold | outtell |
outthink | outthought | outthought | outthink |
outthrow | outthrew | outthrown | outthrow |
outwear | outwore | outworn | lebih tahan dr |
outwind | outwound | outwound | outwind |
outwrite | outwrote | outwritten | outwrite |
overbear | overbore | overborne / overborn | menindih |
overbid | overbid | overbid | overbid |
overbreed | overbred | overbred | overbreed |
overbuild | overbuilt | overbuilt | membangun tambahan |
overbuy | overbought | overbought | overbuy |
overcast | overcast | overcast | mendung |
overcome | overcame | overcome | mengatasi |
overcut | overcut | overcut | overcut |
overdo | overdid | overdone | melebih-lebihkan |
overdraw | overdrew | overdrawn | berlebih-lebihan melukiskan peranan |
overdrink | overdrank | overdrunk | minum lebih dr |
overeat | overate | overeaten | makan terlalu banyak |
overfeed | overfed | overfed | meloloh |
overhang | overhung | overhung | menganjur |
overhear | overheard | overheard | menguping |
overlay | overlaid | overlaid | overlay |
overleap | overleaped / overleapt | overleaped / overleapt | berlompat-lompat melalui |
overlie | overlay | overlain | berbaring di atas |
overpay | overpaid | overpaid | membayar lebih banyak dr yg semestinya |
override | overrode | overridden | mengesampingkan |
overrun | overran | overrun | membanjiri |
oversee | oversaw | overseen | mengawasi |
oversell | oversold | oversold | terlalu banyak menjual |
overset | overset | overset | membingungkan |
oversew | oversewed | oversewn / oversewed | oversew |
overshoot | overshot | overshot | melampaui |
oversleep | overslept | overslept | kesiangan |
oversow | oversowed | oversown / oversowed | oversow |
overspeak | overspoke | overspoken | overspeak |
overspend | overspent | overspent | menyebar uang |
overspill | overspilled / overspilt | overspilled / overspilt | sesuatu yg dicurahkan |
overspin | overspun | overspun | overspin |
overspread | overspread | overspread | menyebarkan |
overspring | oversprang / oversprung / | oversprung | overspring |
overstand | overstood | overstood | overstand |
overstrew | overstrewed | overstrewn / overstrewed | overstrew |
overstride | overstrode | overstridden | overstride |
overstrike | overstruck | overstruck | overstrike |
overtake | overtook | overtaken | menyusul |
overthink | overthought | overthought | overthink |
overthrow | overthrew | overthrown | menggulingkan |
overwear | overwore | overworn | overwear |
overwind | overwound | overwound | overwind |
overwrite | overwrote | overwritten | menimpa |
P | |||
partake | partook | partaken | mengambil bagian |
pay | paid | paid | membayar |
plead | pleaded / pled | pleaded / pled | mengaku |
prebuild | prebuilt | prebuilt | prebuild |
predo | predid | predone | predo |
premake | premade | premade | premake |
prepay | prepaid | prepaid | prabayar |
presell | presold | presold | presell |
preset | preset | preset | preset |
preshrink | preshrank | preshrunk | preshrink |
presplit | presplit | presplit | presplit |
proofread | proofread | proofread | mengkoreksi cetakan percobaan |
prove | proved | proven / proved | membuktikan |
put | put | put | menaruh |
Q | |||
quick-freeze | quick-froze | quick-frozen | membekukan cepat-cepat |
quit | quit / quitted | quit / quitted | berhenti |
R | |||
read | read (sounds like “red”) | read (sounds like “red”) | membaca |
reawake | reawoke | reawaken | reawake |
rebid | rebid | rebid | rebid |
rebind | rebound | rebound | rebind |
rebroadcast | rebroadcast / rebroadcasted | rebroadcast / rebroadcasted | rebroadcast |
rebuild | rebuilt | rebuilt | membangun kembali |
recast | recast | recast | merombak |
recut | recut | recut | recut |
redeal | redealt | redealt | redeal |
redo | redid | redone | redo |
redraw | redrew | redrawn | redraw |
reeve | reeved / rove | reeved / rove | Reeve |
refit (replace parts) | refit / refitted | refit / refitted | mereparasi (mengganti bagian) |
refit (retailor) | refitted / refit | refitted / refit | mereparasi (retailor) |
regrind | reground | reground | regrind |
regrow | regrew | regrown | tumbuh kembali |
rehang | rehung | rehung | rehang |
rehear | reheard | reheard | rehear |
reknit | reknitted / reknit | reknitted / reknit | reknit |
relay (for example tiles) | relaid | relaid | relay (misalnya keramik) |
relay (pass along) REGULAR | relayed | relayed | relay (berjalan terus) REGULER |
relearn | relearned / relearnt | relearned / relearnt | belajar kembali |
relight | relit / relighted | relit / relighted | bernyala lagi |
remake | remade | remade | remake |
rend | rent / rended | rent / rended | membelah |
repay | repaid | repaid | membayar kembali |
reread | reread | reread | membaca kembali |
rerun | reran | rerun | memutarkan lagi |
resell | resold | resold | menjual kembali |
resend | resent | resent | mengirim ulang |
reset | reset | reset | reset |
resew | resewed | resewn / resewed | resew |
retake | retook | retaken | merebut kembali |
reteach | retaught | retaught | reteach |
retear | retore | retorn | retear |
retell | retold | retold | menyadur |
rethink | rethought | rethought | memikirkan kembali |
retread | retread | retread | mempulkanisir |
retrofit | retrofitted / retrofit | retrofitted / retrofit | retrofit |
rewake | rewoke / rewaked | rewaken / rewaked | rewake |
rewear | rewore | reworn | rewear |
reweave | rewove / reweaved | rewoven / reweaved | reweave |
rewed | rewed / rewedded | rewed / rewedded | rewed |
rewet | rewet / rewetted | rewet / rewetted | rewet |
rewin | rewon | rewon | rewin |
rewind | rewound | rewound | mundur |
rewrite | rewrote | rewritten | menulis kembali |
rid | rid | rid | membebaskan |
ride | rode | ridden | naik |
ring | rang | rung | cincin |
rise | rose | risen | naik |
rive | rived | riven / rived | membelah |
roughcast | roughcast | roughcast | yg dibuat secara kasar |
run | ran | run | menjalankan |
S | |||
sand-cast | sand-cast | sand-cast | pasir-cor |
saw | sawed | sawed / sawn | melihat |
say | said | said | mengatakan |
see | saw | seen | melihat |
seek | sought | sought | mencari |
self-feed | self-fed | self-fed | diri feed |
self-sow | self-sowed | self-sown / self-sowed | menabur diri |
sell | sold | sold | menjual |
send | sent | sent | mengirim |
set | set | set | mengatur |
sew | sewed | sewn / sewed | menjahit |
shake | shook | shaken | gemetar |
shave | shaved | shaved / shaven | mencukur |
shear | sheared | sheared / shorn | geser |
shed | shed | shed | gudang |
shine | shined / shone | shined / shone | bersinar |
shit | shit / shat / shitted | shit / shat / shitted | omong kosong |
shoe | shoed / shod | shoed / shod | sepatu |
shoot | shot | shot | menembak |
show | showed | shown / showed | pertunjukan |
shrink | shrank / shrunk | shrunk | menyusut |
shrive | shrived / shrove | shriven | mendengarkan pengakuan dosa dan mengampuni |
shut | shut | shut | menutup |
sight-read | sight-read | sight-read | melihat-membaca |
sing | sang | sung | menyanyi |
sink | sank / sunk | sunk | wastafel |
sit | sat | sat | duduk |
skywrite | skywrote | skywritten | skywrite |
slay (kill) | slew / slayed | slain / slayed | membunuh (membunuh) |
slay (amuse) REGULAR | slayed | slayed | membunuh (menghibur) REGULER |
sleep | slept | slept | tidur |
slide | slid | slid | meluncur |
sling | slung | slung | ambin |
slink | slinked / slunk | slinked / slunk | mengendap-endap |
slit | slit | slit | celah |
smell | smelled / smelt | smelled / smelt | bau |
smite | smote | smitten / smote | memukul |
sneak | sneaked / snuck | sneaked / snuck | menyelinap |
sow | sowed | sown / sowed | menabur |
speak | spoke | spoken | berbicara |
speed | sped / speeded | sped / speeded | kecepatan |
spell | spelled / spelt | spelled / spelt | mengeja |
spend | spent | spent | menghabiskan |
spill | spilled / spilt | spilled / spilt | tumpahan |
spin | spun | spun | berputar |
spit | spit / spat | spit / spat | meludah |
split | split | split | berpisah |
spoil | spoiled / spoilt | spoiled / spoilt | memanjakan |
spoon-feed | spoon-fed | spoon-fed | menyuap |
spread | spread | spread | menyebar |
spring | sprang / sprung | sprung | musim semi |
stall-feed | stall-fed | stall-fed | warung-feed |
stand | stood | stood | berdiri |
stave | staved / stove | staved / stove | juluan |
steal | stole | stolen | mencuri |
stick | stuck | stuck | tongkat |
sting | stung | stung | sengat |
stink | stunk / stank | stunk | bau |
strew | strewed | strewn / strewed | menaburi |
stride | strode | stridden | langkah |
strike (delete) | struck | stricken | mogok (menghapus) |
strike (hit) | struck | struck / stricken | strike (hit) |
string | strung | strung | tali |
strip | stripped / stript | stripped / stript | strip |
strive | strove / strived | striven / strived | berusaha keras |
sublet | sublet | sublet | menyewakan lagi |
sunburn | sunburned / sunburnt | sunburned / sunburnt | berjemur |
swear | swore | sworn | bersumpah |
sweat | sweat / sweated | sweat / sweated | keringat |
sweep | swept | swept | menyapu |
swell | swelled | swollen / swelled | membengkak |
swim | swam | swum | berenang |
swing | swung | swung | ayunan |
T | |||
take | took | taken | mengambil |
teach | taught | taught | mengajar |
tear | tore | torn | air mata |
telecast | telecast | telecast | siaran televisi |
tell | told | told | menceritakan |
test-drive | test-drove | test-driven | menjalankan sbg percobaan |
test-fly | test-flew | test-flown | uji-terbang |
think | thought | thought | berpikir |
thrive | thrived / throve | thrived / thriven | berkembang |
throw | threw | thrown | melemparkan |
thrust | thrust | thrust | dorongan |
tread | trod | trodden / trod | tapak |
troubleshoot | troubleshot | troubleshot | memecahkan |
typecast | typecast | typecast | menetapkan sbg pemain peranan dr tipe tertentu |
typeset | typeset | typeset | mengeset |
typewrite | typewrote | typewritten | mengetik |
U | |||
unbear | unbore | unborn / unborne | unbear |
unbend | unbent | unbent | meluruskan |
unbind | unbound | unbound | memperlonggar |
unbuild | unbuilt | unbuilt | unbuild |
unclothe | unclothed / unclad | unclothed / unclad | unclothe |
underbid | underbid | underbid | menawarkan harga yd lebih rendah |
underbuy | underbought | underbought | underbuy |
undercut | undercut | undercut | menjual dgn harga yg lebih rendah |
underfeed | underfed | underfed | kurang memberi makanan |
undergo | underwent | undergone | mengalami |
underlay | underlaid | underlaid | mendasari |
underlet | underlet | underlet | underlet |
underlie | underlay | underlain | mendasari |
underrun | underran | underrun | underrun |
undersell | undersold | undersold | menjual dgn harga yg lebih rendah |
undershoot | undershot | undershot | menembak terlalu rendah dr |
underspend | underspent | underspent | underspend |
understand | understood | understood | memahami |
undertake | undertook | undertaken | melakukan |
underthrust | underthrust | underthrust | underthrust |
underwrite | underwrote | underwritten | menanggung |
undo | undid | undone | membuka |
undraw | undrew | undrawn | undraw |
unfreeze | unfroze | unfrozen | mencairkan |
unhang | unhung | unhung | unhang |
unhide | unhid | unhidden | Jangan sembunyikan |
unhold | unheld | unheld | unhold |
unknit | unknitted / unknit | unknitted / unknit | unknit |
unlade | unladed | unladen / unladed | memperturunkan |
unlay | unlaid | unlaid | unlay |
unlead REGULAR | unleaded | unleaded | unlead REGULER |
unlearn | unlearned / unlearnt | unlearned / unlearnt | belajar meninggalkan |
unmake | unmade | unmade | unmake |
unreeve | unreeved / unrove | unreeved / unrove | unreeve |
unsay | unsaid | unsaid | unsay |
unsew | unsewed | unsewn / unsewed | unsew |
unsling | unslung | unslung | unsling |
unspin | unspun | unspun | unspin |
unstick | unstuck | unstuck | unstick |
unstring | unstrung | unstrung | unstring |
unswear | unswore | unsworn | unswear |
unteach | untaught | untaught | unteach |
unthink | unthought | unthought | unthink |
unweave | unwove / unweaved | unwoven / unweaved | unweave |
unwind | unwound | unwound | beristirahat |
unwrite | unwrote | unwritten | unwrite |
uphold | upheld | upheld | menegakkan |
upset | upset | upset | bingung |
V | |||
vex | vexed / vext | vexed / vext | menyakitkan hati |
W | |||
wake | woke / waked | woken / waked | bangun |
waylay | waylaid | waylaid | mencegat |
wear | wore | worn | memakai |
weave | wove / weaved | woven / weaved | menenun |
wed | wed / wedded | wed / wedded | mengawinkan |
weep | wept | wept | menangis |
wet | wet / wetted | wet / wetted | basah |
whet REGULAR | whetted | whetted | mengasah REGULER |
win | won | won | menang |
wind | wound | wound | angin |
withdraw | withdrew | withdrawn | menarik |
withhold | withheld | withheld | menahan |
withstand | withstood | withstood | menahan |
wring | wrung | wrung | memeras |
write | wrote | written | menulis |
Kamis, 19 Januari 2012
Irreguler Verb by Berty Bellindha
Berikut ini adalah daftar irregular verb terlengkap beserta arti Bahasa Indonesia.
Kumpulan Soal Simple Present tense by Berty Bellindha
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of words given:
1. I __________ (read) a very interesting book now.
2. Joanne __________ (work) eight hours a day.
3. Tonight we __________ (see) a play at the thereatre.
4. Who __________ you __________ (speak) to just now?
5. I __________ (not know) him very well.
6. What will you do if she __________ (come) late?
7. My wife __________ (like) coffee for breakfast.
8. What __________ Tom usually __________(have) for breakfast?
9. Your train __________ (leave) at 17.25 from platform 3.
10. What __________ Mary __________ (do) ? She's a student.
11. My whole family _____________(go) to church once a week.
12. My wife and I _______________(go) to the beach in the summer.
13. Listen! The phone ______________(ring) in the other room.
14. Rain seldom ______________(fall) in the Sahara.
15. He is thirteen years old now, and his voice ___________________(change).
16. Let's change the conversation. It _______________(get) too serious.
17. Leap year ________________(come) every four years.
18. My grandfather ______________(grow) tomatoes in his garden this summer.
19. He ______________(grow) them every summer .
20. The children ____________________(leave) for school right now.
21. The children ________________(leave) at 8:30 every morning of the week.
22. Shu! The baby ____________________(take) her nap.
23. In the north the season __________________(change) four times a year .
24. Unfortunately, the patient ____________________ (die).
25. The monsoon ___________________(come) once or twice a year.
26. It's spring and the days ___________________(get) longer.
27. The weather ___________(get) very cold in Moscow in the winter.
28. It _______________(rain) hard, and I don't have an umbrella.
29. It's November and the birds _________________(fly) south.
30. Many birds of Europe ___________(fly) south to Africa every winter.
1. I __________ (read) a very interesting book now.
2. Joanne __________ (work) eight hours a day.
3. Tonight we __________ (see) a play at the thereatre.
4. Who __________ you __________ (speak) to just now?
5. I __________ (not know) him very well.
6. What will you do if she __________ (come) late?
7. My wife __________ (like) coffee for breakfast.
8. What __________ Tom usually __________(have) for breakfast?
9. Your train __________ (leave) at 17.25 from platform 3.
10. What __________ Mary __________ (do) ? She's a student.
11. My whole family _____________(go) to church once a week.
12. My wife and I _______________(go) to the beach in the summer.
13. Listen! The phone ______________(ring) in the other room.
14. Rain seldom ______________(fall) in the Sahara.
15. He is thirteen years old now, and his voice ___________________(change).
16. Let's change the conversation. It _______________(get) too serious.
17. Leap year ________________(come) every four years.
18. My grandfather ______________(grow) tomatoes in his garden this summer.
19. He ______________(grow) them every summer .
20. The children ____________________(leave) for school right now.
21. The children ________________(leave) at 8:30 every morning of the week.
22. Shu! The baby ____________________(take) her nap.
23. In the north the season __________________(change) four times a year .
24. Unfortunately, the patient ____________________ (die).
25. The monsoon ___________________(come) once or twice a year.
26. It's spring and the days ___________________(get) longer.
27. The weather ___________(get) very cold in Moscow in the winter.
28. It _______________(rain) hard, and I don't have an umbrella.
29. It's November and the birds _________________(fly) south.
30. Many birds of Europe ___________(fly) south to Africa every winter.
Senin, 16 Januari 2012
Direct and indirect speech by Nur Wahidah
Peraturan I
Kalau reporting verb itu past tense, bentuk waktu kata kerja dalam reported speech itu harus diubah ke dalam salah satu dari empat bentuk past tense.
Direct Speech – Indirect Speech
Simple present – menjadi – Simple past
He said ” The woman comes “ He said that the woman came
Dari contoh di atas dapat disimpulkan perubahan untuk bentuk waktu dari reported speech sebagai berikut :
Direct Speech
Simple present
Present continuous
Present perfect
Present perfect continuous
Simple past
Past continuous
Future
Present
|
Indirect Speech
Simple past
Past continuous
Past perfect
Past perfect continuous
Past perfect
Past perfect continuous
Past
Past
|
Direct Speech – Indirect Speech
He said, “The sun rises in the east” – He said that the sun rises in the east
Dalam reported speech, bila present tense diubah ke dalam past tense dengan peraturan I, kata sifat, kata kerja atau kata keterangan umumnya diubah:
Direct Speech
this = ini
these = ini
come = datang
here = di sini, ke sini
hence = dari sini
hither = ke tempat ini
ago = yang lalu
now = sekarang
today = hari ini
tomorrow = besok
yesterday = kemarin
last night = tadi malam
next week = minggu depan
thus = begini
contoh :
He said, “I will come here”.
Peraturan II
1) Bila reported speech kalimat berita
Dengan peraturan ini reporting verb dianggap dalam present atau future tense tertentu dan kapan saja ini terjadi, bentuk waktu dari kata kerja dalam reported speech tidak diubah sama sekali dalam mengubah direct menjadi indirect speech.
Reporting verb – Reported speech
Present tense – Any tense (bentuk waktu apapun)
Direct : She says to her friend, ” I have been writing “.
Indirect : She says to her friend that he has been writing. (tidak berubah)
Direct : She has told you, ” I am reading “.
Indirect : She has told you that he is reading. (tidak berubah)
Direct : She will say, ” You have done wrongly “.
Indirect : She will tell you that you have done wrongly. (tidak berubah)
Direct : She will say,” The boy wasn’t lazy “.
Indirect : She will tell them that the boy wasn’t lazy. (tidak berubah)
2) Bila reported speech merupakan kalimat tanya
a) Reporting verb say atau tell diubah menjadi ask atau inquire. Dengan mengulangi kata tanya dan mengubah tenses jika pertanyaannya dimulai dengan kata tanya diberitakan.
b) Dengan menggunakan if atau whether sebagai penghubung antara reporting verb dan reported speech dan mengubah tenses, jika pertanyaannya dimulai dengan kata kerja diberitakan :
3) Kalimat perintah (imperative sentences)
Bila reported speech merupakan kalimat perintah, reporting verb say atau tell harus diubah menjadi kata kerja tertentu yang menandakan :
· command (perintah), misalnya ordered, commanded, dsb yang berarti menyuruh, memerintahkan.
· precept (petunjuk, bimbingan, didikan), misalnya advised yang berarti menasehati.
· request (permohonan), misalnya asked yang berarti meminta, memohon.
· entreaty (permohonan yang sangat mendesak), misalnya begged yang berarti meminta, memohon (dengan sangat).
· prohibition (larangan), misalnya forbade yang berarti melarang.
Dalam perubahannya dari kalimat langsung menjadi kalimat tidak langsung, modus imperatif harus diganti dengan infinitif. Tegasnya, reported verb (kata kerja yang diberitakan atau kata kerja dalam reported speech) harus diubah menjadi infinitive with to.
a) Command :
Direct: He said to his servant, “Go away at once!”
Indirect:He ordered his servant to go away at once
b) Precept :
Direct: She said to her son, “Study hard!”
Indirect: He advised her son to study hard
c) Request :
Direct: He said to his friend, “Please lend me your pen!”
Indirect: He asked his friend to be kind enough to lend him his pencil
d) Entreaty :
Direct: He said to his master, “Pardon me, sir”
Indirect: He begged his master to pardon him.
e) Prohibition :
Direct: She said to her daughter, “Don’t go there”
Indirect: She forbade her daughter to go there
Kalau reporting verb say atau tell diubah menjadi reported verb ask, order, command dsb (tapi jika bukan forbid), predikatnya diubah ke dalam infinitive with to yang didahului oleh not atau no + infinitive with to.
Direct: She said to her daughter, “Don’t go there”
Indirect: She asked herdaughter not to go there.
4) Kalimat seru (exclamatory sentences)
Bilamana reported speech terdiri dari kalimat seru atau kalimat optatif, reporting verb say
atau tell harus diubah menjadi kata kerja tertentu yang semacam itu seperti exclaim, cry out,
pray dsb.
a) Exclamatory sentences
Direct: He said, “Hurrah! My old friend has come”
Indirect: He exclaimed with joy that his old friend had come.
b) Optative sentences (kalimat yang menyatakan harapan, pujian, dsb)
Direct: He said, “God bless you, my dear son “
Indirect: He prayed that God would bless his dear son
|
Indirect Speech
that = itu
those = itu
go = pergi
there = di sana, ke sana
thence = dari sana
thither = ke tempat itu
before = lebih dahulu
then = pada waktu itu
that day = hari itu
next day = hari berikutnya
the previous day = sehari sebelumnya
the previous night = semalam sebelumnya
the following week = minggu berikutnya
so = begitu
He said that he would go there
|
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